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Power of Du'a
“The most potent weapon of a believer”
The du'a can change life, outlook, and fate.
In al-Qur'an, Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala says:
"When My servants ask about Me, I am indeed close to them. I listen to the prayer of every supplicant, when he calls on Me. Let them also, with a will, listen to My call, and believe in Me, so that they may walk in the right way"
al-Qur'an 2:186
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The Etiquette of Du'a
The following etiquettes are narrated in the Hadith. For reasons of brevity, only the following summary and reference of each Hadith is mentioned instead of the entire Hadith.
Benefits of Duaa
Numan bin Basheer  narrates from Rasool-Allah  , "Duaa is ibadat." Then He read this ayat  . (Tirmizi, Abu Dawod, and Ibn-e-Majah)
Abu Hurairah narrates from Rasool-Allah , "In the court of Allah, there is no greater thing than duaa" (Ibn-e-Majah)
Abdullah bin Umar narrates from Rasool-Allah ," Among whatever has been descended and whatever has not been descended Duaa is beneficial of all. Oh people of Allah! Assume Duaa a must for yourselves. (Tirmizi)
Abdullah bin Umar from Rasool-Allah , "For whoever the door of duaa opened, for him the doors of mercy are opened. Whatever duaa is asked from Allah the best duaa is for well-being and safety among them." (Tirmizi)
Abu Hurairah narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Allah is extremely displeased with the person who doesn't do duaa to Allah". (Tirmizi)
Salman narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Your Rab is modest and kind. A person raise his hands in HIS court and HE leave them empty, Allah shies from it." (Tirmizi and Abu Dawood)
Jabir narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Whoever does duaa to Allah, Allah fulfills his seeking or in exchange averts misfortune until the duaa is not related to sin or breaking some relation." (Tirmizi)
Abu Hurairah narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Do duaa to Allah with this confidence that HE will accept it and know this well that Allah doesn't accept the duaa done with a negligent and careless heart. (Tirmizi)
Salman Farsi narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Duaa turns away destiny and good deeds lengthen age. (Tirmizi)
Umar narrates that, "Whenever Rasool-Allah raised his hands for duaa He did not put down them down until HE took both hands over his face." (Tirmizi)
Aisha (Radi Allahu Anha) narrates that, "Rasool-Allah liked duaas that were inclusive and he left the rest." (Abu Dawood)
Abdullah bin Umar narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Duaa for a person not present is accepted quickly by Allah." (Tirmizi and Abu Dawood)
Abu Hurairah narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Three duaas are such in which there is no doubt of their acceptance: 1) Father's duaa 2) Traveler's duaa 3) Duaa of the oppressed". (Timizi, Ibne Majah)
Abu Hurairah narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Three types of people's duaas are not rejected: 1) At the time of iftar the person who has fasted 2) Adil ruler's duaa 3) The duaa of the oppressed. Allah raises the duaa of the oppressed on the clouds and the doors of heaven are opened for it and Allah says, "Oath of MY Majesty and Honour! I will help and aid you. Even though if the help is after few days." (Tirmizi)
Abu Hurairah narrates from Rasool-Allah , "When anyone of you does duaa then don't say "Oh Allah! Forgive me if you want", "Have mercy on me if you want", "Give me subsistence if you wish" rather believe completely that HE will do whatever HE wishes. Nobody can force HIM." (Bukhari)
Abu Hurairah narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Allah excepts the duaa of a person till the duaa is not related to sin or breaking of some relation and until he does not haste in that duaa. The people (May Allah be happy with them) asked, "Oh Rasool-Allah! What is meant by haste?" He replied, "That the person say "I did duaa again and again but my duaa wasn't accepted and afterwards he becomes hopeless and leaves the duaa. This is called haste." (Muslim)
Jabir narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Don't do Bad-duaa [against] yourself, your wealth, or for your children. May it be the moment of acceptance in the court of Allah and your Bad-duaa be accepted. (Muslim)
Boraidah narrates that Rasool-Allah heard a man performing duaa like so *1, so He said, "He [the man] has performed duaa with the Ism-e-Azam and when Allah is asked through the Ism-e-Azam, Allah grants and when duaa is performed with it HE accepts it." (Tirmizi and Abu Dawood)
Asma binte Yazeed (Radi Allahu Anha) narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Ism-e-Azam is in these two ayahs  and in the beginning of Ale-Imran  . " (Tirmizi and Abu Dawood)
Abu Hurairah narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Saying  is dearer to me than this world and all that is in it." (Mislim)
Abu Hurairah narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Whoever said  hundred times in one day his sins are erased even if they are equal to the foam of the sea." (Muslim and Bukhari)
Abu Hurairah narrates from Rasool-Allah , "Every Prophet had a special duaa which is accepted in the court of Allah. All Prophets were in quick in their duaas. On the day of Judgment, for the intercession of my Ummah, I have saved my duaa. My duaa will reach to every person in my ummah, who did not make any partners with Allah. (Muslim)
*1 
To abstain from haraam food, clothing and earnings. (Muslim : Tirmidhi)
To make Du'a with sincerity. In other words, one should firmly believe that nobody but Allah Ta'ala will fulfill his objectives. (Hakim)
One should perform a good deed prior to making the Du'a & he should mention this during the course of the Du'a. For e.g. He should say, O Allah! I had performed so & so deed solely for Your pleasure. O Allah! accept my Du'a due to the barkat of that deed. (Muslim, Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud).
To make Du'a whilst one is paak & clean. (Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah, Nasai, Ibn Hibbaan, Mustadrak).
To make wudhu before the Du'a (All six major hadith collections)
To face the Qiblah (All six major hadith collections)
To sit as in the Tashahhud position (Abu Awanah)
To praise Allah Ta'ala at the beginning as well as at the end of Du'a (All six major hadith collections)
To convey Durood upon the Beloved Prophet Salla Allahu Ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam at the beginning as well as the end. (Abu Dawud, Musnad-e-Ahmad)
To spread out both the hands. (Tirmidhi, Mustadrak)
To raise both the hands up to the shoulders (Abu Dawud, Musnade-Ahmad)
To sit with humility and respect. (Muslim, Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud)
To mention ones helplessness and dependence. (Tirmidhi)
To abstain from raising the eyes towards the sky whilst making Du'a (Muslim)
To mention the Asma al-Husnaa (the names of Allah Ta'ala ) and the sublime qualities Of Allah Ta'ala. (Ibn Hibbaan and Mustadrak)
To abstain from ceremonies rhyming of the Du'a phrases (Bukhari)
To abstain from saying the Du'a in a "sing-song" tone if the Du'a is in a poetic form (Hisn)
One should make Du'a through the medium of the Ambiyaa alayhimus-salaam and other Pious servants. (For e.g. He should say: 'O Allah! Accepts my Du'a through The good offices of these saintly people). (Bukhari, Bazzaar, Haakim)
To make the Du'a in a soft voice (All six major hadith collections on the authority if Abu Musa )
To utter the Du'a phrases transcribed from the Beloved Prophet Salla Allahu Ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam because Rasulullah didn't leave out a single need of the Deen nor of the dunya whilst teaching us how to make Du'a (Abu Dawud/Nasai)
To make a Du'a that encompasses most of the needs of Deen and the dunya. (Abu Dawud)
To make Du'a in favour of oneself first, thereafter ones parents and to include the other Muslims in the Du'a as well (Muslims)
If the Imam is making Du'a, he should not make Du'a for himself only but he should Include all the congregants in the Du'a (Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah)
Abu Dawud Radi Allahu anhu : Narrates that Rasulullah Salla Allahu Ta'ala 'alayhi wa Sallam, said that
'' the Imam who makes Du'a for himself only, has betrayed the people." In other words, the Imam should not Make a Du'a that is restricted to him alone. For e.g. He should not say, "O Allah! cure my son." or "O Allah! Return my lost item." etc. but he should make a Du'a that includes all the congregation for e.g. He may say "O Allah! Forgive us and have mercy upon us."
To make Du'a with firm conviction (for e.g. he should not say: "O Allah! If you wish fulfil so and so task of mine." (All six major hadith collections)
To make Du'a with enthusiasm & yearning. (Ibn Hibbn & Abu Awana).
As far as possible endeavour to bring about a "presence of heart and mind" and cherish a high hope of the Du'a being accepted. (Haakim)
To make Du'a repeatedly. (Bukhari, Muslim)
This repetition should be at least thrice (Abu Dawud)
Note One may repeat the Du'a thrice in none sitting or he may repeat it on three different occasions. The "repetition of the Du'a" can be interpreted in both ways."
To make Du'a earnestly and insistently. (Nasai, Hakim, Abu awanah)
To abstain from making Du'a of severing family ties or other sins. (Muslim, Tirmidhi)
Avoid making Du'as of pre-determined and fixed things (for e.g. woman should not make a du'a of being transformed into a man or a tall person shouldn't make Du'a thus: "O Allah! Make me short ." etc) (Nasai).
Don't Make Du'a for impossible things. (Bukhari)
Don't make a Duaa in which you ask Allah Ta'ala to confine His Mercy to yourself Only (Bukhari, Abu Dawud, Nasai, Ibn Majah)
Ask only Allah Ta'ala alone for all your needs. Do not depend upon His creation. (Tirmidhi/Ibn Hibbaan)
The one making the Du'a as well as the person listening to it, both should say Aameen at the end. (Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, Nasai)
Rub both hands over the face at the termination of the Du'a (Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi, Ibn Hibbaan, Majah, Hakim)
Don't be impatient over the acceptance of Du'as. In other words, don't say: "I've made Du'a repeatedly but to no avail." (Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, Nasai, Ibn Majah)
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There are certain times du'a (supplication) is more likely to be accepted by Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala as mentioned by the Most Beloved to Allah Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam. These times are as follows:
The Last Third Of The Night
Hadrat Abu Hurairah Radi Allahu anhu narrated that Allah’s Messenger Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said: 'In the last third of every night our Rabb (Cherisher and Sustainer) (Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala) descends to the lowermost heaven and says; "Who is calling Me, so that I may answer him? Who is asking Me so that may I grant him? Who is seeking forgiveness from Me so that I may forgive him?."' [Sahih al-Bukhari, Hadith Qudsi]
Late at night
The Prophet Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said: 'There is at night an hour, no Muslim happens to be asking Allah any matter of this world or the Hereafter, except that he will be given it, and this (occurs) every night.' [Muslim #757]
Between Adhan and Iqamah
Hadrat Anas Radi Allahu anhu narrated that Allah’s Beloved Messenger Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said: 'A supplication made between the Adhan and Iqama is not rejected.'
[Ahmad, abu Dawud #521, at-Tirmidhi #212, Sahih al-Jami #3408, an-Nasai and Ibn Hibban graded it sahih (sound)]
An Hour On Friday
Narrated Abu Hurairah Radi Allahu anhu : Allah’s Messenger Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam talked about Friday and said: 'There is an hour on Friday and if a Muslim gets it while offering Salat (prayer) and asks something from Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala, then Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala will definitely meet his demand.' And he (the Prophet Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam pointed out the shortness of that particular time with his hands.[Sahih al-Bukhari]
Some have said that this hour is from the time the Imam (prayer’s leader) enters the mosque on Friday’s prayer until the prayer is over (ie between the two khutbahs), whereas others have said that it is the last hour of the day (ie after the Asr prayer until the Maghrib prayer).
While Drinking Zam zam Water
Hadrat Jaber Radi Allahu anhu narrated that Allah’s Messenger Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said: 'Zamzam water is for what it is drunk for.' [Ahmad 3: 357 and Ibn Majah #3062]. This means that when you drink Zamzam water you may ask Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala for anything you like to gain or benefit from this water such as healing from illness.... etc.
While Prostrating
Hadrat Abu Hurairah Radi Allahu anhu narrated that Allah’s Messenger Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam, said: 'The nearest a slave can be to his Lord is when he is prostrating, so supplicate Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala much in it. [Muslim, abu Dawud, an-Nasa'i and others, Sahih al-Jami #1175]
When Waking Up at Night
Narrated Ubada Bin As-Samit that Allah’s Messenger Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said: 'Whomever wakes up at night and says La ilaha illallahu wahdahu la shrika lahu lahulmulku, wa lahul hamdu, wa huwa ala kulli shai'in qadir. Alhamdu lillahi, wa subhanallahi wa la ilaha illallahu, wallah akbir, wa la hawla wala quwata illa billah (none has the right to be worshipped but Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala He is the only one who has no partners. His is the kingdom and all the praises are for Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala All the glories are for Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala And none has the right to be worshipped but Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala and Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala is the most Great and there is neither might nor power except with Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala and then says, Allahumma ighfir li (O Allah! Forgive me) or invokes Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala, he will be responded to and if he makes ablution and performs Salat (prayer), his Salat (prayer) will be accepted. [Sahih al-Bukhari]
At The End Of The Obligatory Salat:
Narrated Abu Omamah Radi Allahu anhu : that Allah’s Beloved Messenger Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam was asked, O Messenger of Allah, which supplication is heard (by Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala, he said the end of the night and at the end of the obligatory Salat (prayer) [at-Tirmidhi]. This time is after saying 'At-tahyat' , and before making Tasleem (finishing prayer).
The Night Of 'Qadr' (Decree)
This night is the greatest night of the year. This is the night which the almighty Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala said about it, "The night of Al-Qadar (Decree) is better than a thousand months." [Surah al-Qadr, 97: 3]
The Night of Decree is one of the odd nights of the last ten nights of the blessed month of Ramadan. The angels descend down to the earth, and the earth is overwhelmed with peace and serenity until the break of dawn and when he doors of Paradise are opened, the worshipper is encouraged to turn to Allah to ask for his needs for this world and the Hereafter.
During The Rain
Narrated Sahel Ibn Sa'ad Radi Allahu anhu: that the Most Beloved Messenger of Allah Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said: 'Two will not be rejected, Supplication when the Adhan (call of prayer) is being called, and at the time of the rain'. [Al-Hakim 2: 114, and Abu Dawud #2540, ibn Majah]
'Seek the response to your du'as when the armies meet, and the prayer is called, and when rain falls' [reported by Imam al-Shafi' in al-Umm, al-Sahihah #1469]. The time of the rain is a time of mercy from Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala so, one should take advantage of this time when Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala is having mercy on His slaves.
At the Adhan
'Seek the response to your du'as when the armies meet, and the prayer is called, and when rain falls' [reported by Imam al-Shafi' in al-Umm, al-Sahihah #1469]
In another hadith; 'When the prayer is called, the doors of the skies are opened, and the du'a is answered' [al-Tayalisi in his Musnad #2106, al-Sahihah #1413]
The One Who Is Suffering Injustice and Opression
The Beloved Messenger of Allah Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said to Mua'ad Ibn Jabal (RA), 'Beware of the supplication of the unjustly treated, because there is no shelter or veil between it (the supplication of the one who is suffering injustice) and Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala' [Sahih Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
The Beloved Messenger Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam declared, 'Three men whose du'a is never rejected (by Allah) are: the fasting person until he breaks his fast (in another narration, when he breaks fast), the just ruler and the one who is oppressed.'[Ahmad, at-Tirmidhi - Hasan]
In another hadith; The Beloved Messenger Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam declared: 'Three du'as are surely answered: The du'a of the oppressed, the du'a of the traveler, and the du'a of the father/mother (upon their child)'. The One who is suffering injustice is heard by Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala when he invokes Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala to retain his rights from the unjust one or oppressor. Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala has sworn to help the one who is suffering from injustice sooner or later as the Messenger of Allah Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said.
The Traveller
The Most Beloved of Allah Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said; Three supplications will not be rejected (by Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala), the supplication of the parent for his child, the supplication of the one who is fasting, and the supplication of the traveler. [al-Bayhaqi, at-Tirmidhi - Sahih]
During travel supplication is heard by Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala if the trip is for a good reason, but if the trip is for a bad intention or to perform illegal things (making sins) this will not apply to it.
The Parent's Supplication for their Child
The Beloved Messenger of Allah Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said; Three supplications will not be rejected (by Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala), the supplication of the parent for his child, the supplication of the one who is fasting, and the supplication of the traveler. [al-Bayhaqi, at-Tirmidhi - Sahih]
Du'a after praising Allah and giving salat on the Beloved Prophet Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam in the tashahhud at the end of salat.
Narrated Faddalah ibn Ubayd Radi Allahu anhu: that the Messenger of Allah Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said: 'When anyone of you makes du'a, let him start by glorifying his Lord and praising Him, then let him send blessings upon the Prophet Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam, then let him pray for whatever he wants' [abu Dawud #1481, at-Tirmidhi #3477]
In another hadith; Baqiy ibn Mukhallid Radi Allahu anhu narrated that that the Beloved Messenger of Allah Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said: 'Every du'a is not responded to until one sends blessings upon the Prophet Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam' [al-Bayhaqi]
In another hadith; Hadrat Umar Radi Allahu ta'ala anhu narrated that the Most Beloved Prophet Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam said: 'Du'a is detained between the heavens and the earth and no part of it is taken up until you send blessings upon your Beloved Prophet Salla Allahu 'alayhi wa 'aalihi wa Sallam' [at-Tirmidhi #486]
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